{
  "code": "US-PA",
  "name": "Pennsylvania",
  "last_reviewed": "2026-07",
  "confidence": "medium",
  "black_letter": "Pennsylvania lacks a single clean UPA-2017-style informal donor non-parentage statute covering all known-donor AI fact patterns. Court precedent and fact-specific parentage analysis dominate; map coding uses Court-Precedent. Clinic pathways, adoption, and parentage orders reduce risk relative to pure informal NI or undocumented AI.",
  "ai_informal": "court_precedent",
  "ni": "not_recognized",
  "physician_or_clinic_for_safe_harbor": "often",
  "agreement_effect": "evidence_only",
  "key_citations": [
    {
      "label": "23 Pa.C.S. portal",
      "url": "https://www.legis.state.pa.us/cfdocs/legis/LI/consCheck.cfm?txtType=HTM&ttl=23"
    }
  ],
  "emerging_law_note": "Where public materials are thin, “Unknown” means no clear published safe harbor for informal arrangements—not that private donation is criminal. Further clarity often requires litigation or legislation.",
  "page": "/Pages/US/PA/pa.html",
  "region_group": "US",
  "status_badges": {
    "AI-Single": "Court-Precedent",
    "AI-Married": "Court-Precedent",
    "NI": "Banned",
    "Contract": "Unknown"
  }
}